如何避免激励力度失灵，一般建议为事前测算（按照近三年数据精准测算，给到激励对象的年化收益在原总收入的50%左右是比较理想值），事中纠偏（按照实际发生数据跟预期做对比分析）和事后改正（本着多“不退”少“补充”的原则，正确选择是“补充型激励”还是“替代型激励”）。

In order to avoid the failure of incentive strength, the general suggestions are as follows: pre calculation (according to the accurate calculation of the data in recent three years, the annual income given to the incentive object is a relatively ideal value of about 50% of the original total income), correction in the event (comparative analysis based on the actual data with the expectation) and correction after the event (based on the principle of more "no return" and less "supplement", the correct choice is "supplementary incentive" ”Or "alternative incentive").

总而言之，股权激励失灵了不要恐慌，同时，要有思想准备。解铃还须系铃人，失灵了就要溯本追源，看清是股权激励的那种形式，不同形式失灵的方式可能不一样，解决的策略也会不一样。

In a word, if the equity incentive fails, don't panic. At the same time, you should be prepared mentally. To solve the problem, we should go back to the source if it fails. We should see clearly that it is the form of equity incentive. Different forms of failure may have different ways, and the solutions will be different.

股权激励在教科书上的定义是公司用股权的形式激励员工。笔者基于十余年的股权实操经验来看，股权激励也许可以理解为股权加激励，股权是长期的稳定，稳定压倒一切，激励则是基于未来，过去的更多的是奖励，现在的更多的勉励，而未来的才能更好的激励。激励是一种带有靶向的方式。激励的方式有很多种，但归根揭底无非就是短中长三种大类。

The definition of equity incentive in textbooks is that companies use equity to motivate employees. Based on more than ten years of practical experience, equity incentive may be understood as equity plus incentive. Equity is long-term stability, and stability is paramount. Incentive is based on the future. The past is more reward, the present is more encouragement, and the future can be better incentive. Stimulation is a targeted way. There are many ways to motivate, but in the final analysis, there are only three categories of short, medium and long.

短期激励有奖金、工资、提成基本上是以日、月为单位，中期激励有分红、增值按1年（12个月）到3年（36个月）的时间轴；长期激励就是合伙人、实股，退出时间不确定。激励还可以按另外一个维度来分类，开放式、半开放式，封闭式。越封闭相对来讲要长远而且收益更为可观。举个不大恰当但很形象的例子，男女之间的关系，开放的形式是恋爱关系，谁不用向谁负责但双方粘性也是低的；其次是私定终身，虽然不是夫妻，但双方都是奔着长期去的否则跟恋爱关系没有什么区别，双方也需要尊重感情，但分手没有太多的约束力；婚姻关系就是封闭的也是约束力多，甚至有人把这称为“坟墓”，坟墓大的特点不就是封闭吗，坟墓打开了不是迁坟就是盗墓。

The short-term incentive includes bonus, salary and commission, which is basically based on days and months, while the medium-term incentive has dividend and value-added, which is based on the time axis of one year (12 months) to three years (36 months); the long-term incentive is the partner and real shares, and the withdrawal time is uncertain. Incentives can also be classified according to another dimension: open, semi open and closed. The more closed, it will be relatively long-term, and the benefits will be more considerable. To give an inappropriate but vivid example, the open form of the relationship between men and women is love relationship, who does not have to be responsible to whom, but the stickiness of both sides is also low; the second is private life, although not husband and wife, both sides are running for a long time, otherwise there is no difference with love relationship, both sides also need to respect feelings, but there is not too much binding force to break up; marriage relationship Even if the tomb is closed, it has more binding force. Some people even call it "grave". The big feature of the tomb is not that it is closed. If the tomb is opened, it is either to move the tomb or to steal it.

曾经有人开玩笑说现在离婚率这么高不如改革婚姻法，按照驾驶证的方式来搞，结婚的首期合法时间为5年，双方5年没有离婚就可以续签10年期的，10年期满还愿意在一起的就可以扯证长期的。但是可行性还是很低的，因为婚姻不仅仅是两个人的事情还涉及到社会的方方面面。股权也是一样的，虚拟股阶段不会有太多问题，更多的是内部的模拟操作行为，而一旦成为实股，尤其是自然人直接持股，那就是长期的，不出意外甚至可以终生的。

Some people once joked that the divorce rate is so high that it is better to reform the marriage law and do it according to the way of driving license. The first legal time of marriage is five years. If the two parties have no divorce for five years, they can renew their contracts for 10 years. If they are willing to stay together after 10 years, they can get a long-term license. But the feasibility is still very low, because marriage is not only a matter of two people, but also involves all aspects of society. The same is true for equity. There will not be too many problems in the virtual stock stage. It is more internal simulation operation. Once it becomes a real stock, especially a natural person directly holding shares, it will be long-term, no accident or even life-long.

虚拟股阶段，失灵往往是可以通过调整方案来解决，但是，到了实股阶段的时候，一旦失灵就需要狠下功夫了，总结成四个字就是“多、快、好、省”——“多”就是适当让利，“快”就是尽早处理，“好”就是友好解决，“省”就是选择“帕累托优”方案。

In the stage of virtual stock, failure can often be solved by adjusting the scheme. However, when it comes to the real stock stage, once it fails, it needs to work hard. It can be summarized into four words: "more, faster, better, and less" -- "more" means appropriate profit sharing, "fast" means dealing with it as soon as possible, "good" is friendly solution, and "province" is choosing "Pareto optimal" scheme.