每个公司情况都各不相同，股权结构也就千差万别，有多少家公司就会有多少个可能不同的股权结构，但是都逃不开2/3、1/2、1/3三个比例。这三个比例由此被称为生死线。接下来就以有限责任公司为例来把这三条线说透，你就会理解为什么它能决定生或死了。

The situation of each company is different, and the ownership structure is also very different. As many companies as there are, there will be as many different ownership structures as possible, but they can't escape the proportion of 2 / 3, 1 / 2 and 1 / 3. These three ratios are thus called the life and death line. Next, take the limited liability company as an example to explain these three lines, and you will understand why it can decide whether to live or die.

01、生命线：绝 对控制线（股权>=2/3）

01. Lifeline: absolute control line (equity > = 2 / 3)

在公司初创时期，创始人应强化对于公司的掌控。创始人对公司进行控制是有很多路径的，其中核心的一条是通过控股实现对公司的控制。在绝 对控股的情况下，创始人可以完全把控股东会，进而主宰股东会通过任何想通过的决议

We should strengthen the control of the company's founders in the start-up period. There are many ways for founders to control the company, the core of which is to control the company through holding shares. In the case of absolute control, the founder can completely control the Donghui, and then dominate the shareholders' meeting to pass any resolution they want

02、生命线：管理控制线（股权>1/2）

02. Lifeline: management control line (equity > 1 / 2)

企业发展到发展期的时候，随着外来投资者的进入，或者内部股权激励，创始人所持有的股权就越来越少，但创始人关心想要的也还是要控股，在控股的情况下，创始人虽然不能操控股东会通过重大事项的决议，但是可以对重大事项以外的其他事项，仍如探囊取物，由此实现对公司的管理掌控。

When the enterprise develops to the development stage, with the entry of foreign investors or internal equity incentive, the equity held by the founder is less and less, but what the founder cares about and wants is still to control. In the case of control, although the founder can't control the shareholders' meeting to pass resolutions on major matters, he can still search for other matters besides major matters So as to realize the management control of the company.

03 生命线：防守控制线（股权>1/3）

03 lifeline: defensive control line (equity > 1 / 3)

在公司扩张时期，创始人持有的股权1/3以上。显而易见，1/3是相对于绝 对控制线2/3而言的。2/3以上表决权能够通过关于公司生死存亡的事宜，因此如果一个股东持有1/3的股权，其他任何一个股东都无法单独达到2/3以上的表决权，关系到公司生死存亡的重大事项的决议得不到单一持股1/3以上的股东支持时，自然就无法通过。如此之下，持有股权大于1/3的股东，就在股东会中对重大事项的表决具有 “一票否决权”的作用。

In the period of rapid expansion of the company, the founder holds more than 1 / 3 of the equity. Obviously, 1 / 3 is relative to 2 / 3 of absolute control line. More than 2 / 3 of the voting rights can be passed on matters concerning the survival of the company. Therefore, if a shareholder holds 1 / 3 of the shares, no other shareholder can achieve more than 2 / 3 of the voting rights alone, and the resolutions on major matters related to the survival of the company cannot be passed without the support of shareholders holding more than 1 / 3 of the shares. In this way, shareholders holding more than 1 / 3 of the shares have the function of "one vote veto" in voting on major issues in the shareholders' meeting.