许多投资者都知道,股权比例是取得公司管理权的主要因素.如果把股权结构设计理解为简单的股权比例或投资

Many investors know that the equity ratio is the main factor to obtain the management power of the company

比例,下面的探讨就没有实际意义了.

Proportion, the following discussion has no practical significance

股权结构设计是以股东股权比例为基础,通过对股东权利,股东会及董事会职权与表决程序等进行一系列调整后的

The equity structure design is based on the proportion of shareholders' equity, through a series of adjustments to the rights of shareholders, the powers and voting procedures of the board of shareholders and the board of directors

股东权利结构体系。

The structure system of shareholders' rights.

二、股权比例与公司管理公司决策

2、 Equity ratio and corporate management decision making

股权是一种基于投资而产生的所有权.公司管理权来源于股权或基于股权的授权.公司决策来源于股权，同时又影响公司管理的方向与规模.有些投资者仅仅是投资而不参与公司管理,有些投资者同时参与公司管理。

Equity is a kind of ownership based on investment. Company management power comes from equity or equity based authorization. Company decision comes from equity, and at the same time affects the direction and scale of company management. Some investors only invest but do not participate in company management, and some investors participate in company management at the same time.

而股东只要有投资,就会产生一定的决策权利,差别在于决策参与程度和影响力.所以,股东的意见能否形成影响公司管理运作的决策意见是非常重要的,而取得决策权的首要基础是股权比例.取得决策权的股东就是法律上的控股股东.

As long as the shareholders have investment, they will have certain decision-making rights. The difference lies in the degree of participation and influence in decision-making. Therefore, it is very important whether the opinions of shareholders can form the decision-making opinions that affect the management and operation of the company. The first basis for obtaining the decision-making right is the proportion of equity. The shareholders who obtain the decision-making right are the controlling shareholders in law

三、股东权利的弱化或强化

3、 The weakening or strengthening of shareholders' rights

股东权利有自益权和共益权两方面,前者如盈余分配权、剩余财产分配权、新股优先认购等等,后者如表决权、股东大会召集权、质询权、提起派生诉讼权权.常规的股权设计遵循的是同等出资同等权利.但遇有隐名股东,干股等情况下。

There are two aspects of shareholders' Rights: self-interest right and common interest right. The former includes earnings distribution right, residual property distribution right, new share preemption right and so on, while the latter includes voting right, shareholders' meeting convening right, inquiry right and derivative litigation right. The conventional equity design follows the same rights of capital contribution, but in the case of dormant shareholders, dry shares and so on.

如果不对股东权利进行弱化或强化,一旦显明股东、干股持有人依公司法诉求其完整股东权利时,损害的不仅仅是实际投资人的利益。

If we do not weaken or strengthen the rights of shareholders, once it is clear that shareholders and shareholders demand their complete rights according to the company law, it will not only damage the interests of actual investors.

同时也将公司推向危险的境地.实际中,本律师也多有遇见.如有些干股持有人要求解散公司并要求分配剩余资产,有些显明股东以公司侵犯其股东权利要求法院撤销工商部门做出的公司变更登记,有些显明股东要求分配公司红利,

In fact, I have met many times. For example, some shareholders ask for the dissolution of the company and the distribution of the remaining assets, some obvious shareholders ask the court to cancel the company's change registration made by the industrial and commercial department, some obvious shareholders ask for the distribution of company dividends,